Ionic compound formula11/22/2023 The correct salt formulas NaCl and MgCl 2 are based on the charges, as shown in the previous paragraph. The ionic formula is CaCl Subscripts in the chemical formula indicate. Note that NaCl 2 does not make any sense, and therefore does not exist. The net overall charge must be 0, so we need 2 Cl ions to balance the charge of 1 Ca ion. The subscript “1” is always implied and never written. The subscripts indicate 2 chloride ions (Cl –) per 1 magnesium ion (Mg 2+). As a second example, magnesium chloride has the formula MgCl 2. Its formula is NaCl, which is electrically neutral because sodium ion is +1 and chloride ion is -1. The polyatomic ion acts as an individual ion. They are named using the cation name first, followed by the anion name, excluding the word “ion.” For example, sodium ion (Na +) and chloride ion (Cl –) form the compound sodium chloride. The charge given to a polyatomic ion applies to the entire group of atoms. For example, if the Calcium ion is +2 and Chloride ion is -1, then Calcium Chloride is written CaCl2. In general, the charge of the positive ion is written on the negative ion and the charge of the negative ion is written on the positive ion creating a cross-over. Ionic compounds are held together by ionic bonds. Writing ionic formulas requires knowing the charges of ions in the compound. Ionic compounds are formed by cation-anion pairs in electrically neutral ratios. The charge is -1 because it is in Group 7, and 8 – 7 = 1. It ionizes to form the “chloride ion” represented as Cl –. For example, the element chlorine (Cl) is found in Group 7. The simplest type of ionic compound is made from exactly 2 elements, 1 metal and 1 non-metal. After you have the charges for both ions, write the formula for the ionic compound when the ions. The anion name is formed by changing the element name suffix to “-ide” and adding the word “ion” after the element name. Charges for non-main group metals have been provided for you. Anions always have a single, fixed charge. The negative charge is found using the Octet Rule as eight (8) minus the Group number. They are formed from nonmetals, which lie on the right side of the periodic table. Salts are named by listing the names of their component ions, cation first, then anion. The charge is +1 because it is in Group 1.Īnions have a negative charge. It ionizes to form the “sodium ion” represented as Na +. For example, the element sodium (Na) is found in Group 1. The cation name is formed by adding the word “ion” after the element name. The charge is the same as the Group (column) number on the periodic table. The main group (Groups 1-8) metals form cations with a single, fixed charge. They are formed from metals, which lie on the left side of the periodic table.
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